Urdu Seekhiye

This is the second part of episode 31. Be sure to listen to part 1 before listening to this one. This is a new series of episodes focused on grammar – specifically verb conjugation. For each episode, I’ll select a verb and then share with you how that verb is conjugated in the simple present, past, and future tenses. In this episode we’re going to focus on conjugating the to-be verb honā. Various example sentences are shared in each of the tenses. For this episode, we also created an instagram/YouTube reel so be sure to check that out for additional sample sentences with the adjective (mota - fat). Don't forget to download the PDF for this episode as it's FREE! This episode is available in two parts, both parts are available in most podcast players, but they are also available on the website. www.urduseekhiye.com/e31 Be sure to ask US your questions in the discussion section for this episode by visting the website! Happy learning!

This is a new series of episodes focused on grammar – specifically verb conjugation. For each episode, I’ll select a verb and then share with you how that verb is conjugated in the simple present, past, and future tenses. In this episode we’re going to focus on conjugating the to-be verb honā.  Various example sentences are shared in each of the tenses. For this episode, we also created an instagram/YouTube reel so be sure to check that out for additional sample sentences with the adjective (mota - fat). Don't forget to download the PDF for this episode as it's FREE! This episode is available in two parts, both parts are available in most podcast players, but they are also available on the website. www.urduseekhiye.com/e31 Be sure to ask US your questions in the discussion section for this episode by visting the website! Happy learning!

In this episode, we further practice using possessive adjectives. The handout for this episode contains tons of example sentences on how to use comparative adjectives, possessive adjectives, and how to talk about ownership. It also shows you how you can share what your daily activities are. The vocabulary words from this episode include so much food, so old, so small, so big, piggy back, get on a horse (& the roof) and much more. Be sure to visit the website to download the PDF for this episode and post any questions you may have there. www.urduseekhiye.com/e30 Please consider sharing this episode with someone else who is also learning Urdu and do leave US a review - it helps spread the word! Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen!!

In this episode, Ayesha joins Shireen (from Lahore) in a dialogue about shopping. Vocabulary covered in this episode includes mahaṅgī (expensive), sastī (cheap), lāl jakiṭ (red jacket), bihtarīn tohfa (best gift), jigrī dost (best friend), and so much more!

Be sure to visit the page for episode 25 to download the PDF for this short episode on the words had (limit) and the possessive adjective apnā/ī/e (one's own). If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving US a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

This is a grammar episode focused on the topic of possessive adjectives. Now you can say things like: What is his/her name? (in kā nām kyā hai?) This book is [all of] theirs. (yih kitāb in [sab] kī hai.) This is their book. (yih kitāb in kī hai) Be sure to download the PDF for more examples. Quizzes and Notion templates coming soon.

In this episode Sajjad and I talk about necessities and introduce various items you can eat (apples, tomatoes, salad, bread, etc.). In addition to the great vocabualry words included in the dialgue, we have included tons of other fruits and vegetables in the chart - some that I don't even use in English! Be sure to download the PDF here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/

This episode was such a joy to produce, and a long time coming. In this episode Mansoor and I translate Seth Godin's blog post titled Beginning is Underrated. This post inspired me to start the Urdu Seekhiye podcast, so it means a lot. I hope that it inspires you to begin something that you may have been putting off, or restart something that you gave up on. "Merely begin, with the humility of someone who’s not sure, and the excitement of someone who knows that it’s possible." Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page: www.urduseekhiye.com/e26. Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen! Be sure to follow us on social media and say hello! @UrduSeekhiye If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

We're back - for now. In this episode Nadia and I show you how you can offer help to someone who has invited you to their home. Vocabulary words in this episode include sāf (clean), madad (help), isrār karnā (to insist), and magar (but), to name a few. Check it out and leave your questions on the page for this episode. www.urduseekhiye.com/e24 Be sure to follow us on social media: @UrduSeekhiye If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

As salām 'alaikum! Thank you for listening to this episode. This episode was released to make you aware of the amazing Urdu Handwriting course that I have developed in partnership with Handwriting Universe. The link to register: https://www.bit.ly/UrduHandwriting Sorry the discount is no longer valid. It expired on July 02, 2021. However, if you cannot afford the full price, please email me and we can discuss. I don't want to stop anyone with a true interest in improving their handwriting to miss the opportunity to do so. :) Let us know if you have any questions: Shireen@urduseekhiye.com! Thank you again! If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this final episode we come to learn of the eventual fate of the fly. Vocabulary words covered in this episode include khaṭkā (suspicion), xūšāmad (flattery), pasījī (to soften), uṛāyā (to enjoy with delight; to be wasteful) and SO much more. The past tense of hona is also discussed and more examples of the past tense are available on the free handout so be sure to download that from the website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e25. If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Follow us on Instagram, Twitter, or Facebook @UrduSeekhiye. Be sure to leave us a review us if you're enjoying the podcast. The free PDF for this handout coming soon. Check the website in the coming days to download it! Thank you!

Aamir and I join forces again to bring you part four of this poem by Allama Iqbal - Ek Makra aur Makhi (A Spider and a Fly). Do let us know how you're enjoying the poem and learning new vocabulary words by leaving us a review on iTunes. Feel free to also ask any questions that you may have by visiting the page for this episode: www.urduseekhiye.com/e25.

In this episode we further learn about the makra's manipulative ways and how the makhī sees through them. As always, this episode is full of great vocabulary such as to fly, to decorate, to stay, to appear, guests, comfort, tools, things, present/available, and bedding. A few questions are asked in this episode, so be sure to go to our website to post your answers: www.urduseekhiye.com/e25. If you are enjoying our podcast, please leave us a review on iTunes so others can more easily find this podcast. If you know of others who might benefit from our podcast (or YouTube channel) help spread the word! Thank you for listening! Intro & Outro Music - Mugal-e-Funk (Babar): https://open.spotify.com/album/11Hldw1EsZoRSgUMOjVF9z?si=vx2-3CvFT5-00wi-PF5XMg

In the second part, we learn a bit more about the makhī. Looks like she won't be falling in the spider's jāl. Aamir (the host of Urdu.Daan) joins me to bring you part 2. Be sure to download the PDF for this part from our website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e25. Also be sure to subscribe so you don't miss part 3 of Ek Makṛā aur Makhī. Have any questions? Let us know in the discussion section of the website or feel free to email Shireen (Shireen@UrduSeekhiye.com). If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

This is part 1 of 6 of the poem a Spider and a Fly (ek makṛā aur makhī). It has a good lesson, but more importantly it's full of tons of great vocabulary words. Though a bit difficult, if you return to it again and again, it'll start to make sense and even be fun to listen to. This nazm (poem) is written by Alama Iqbal - a famous Urdu poet. Mahwash from Bachpan ki Kahaniyan, joins me to bring you this poem. Be sure to also check out her podcast. She has also covered this poem, but directed it at children so if you have kids you can share this nazm with them too!! Here is the YouTube video which I referred to in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGnV8zCK_Q8&t=2s Be sure to download the handout for this episode at www.urduseekhiye.com/e25. If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode learn to express pain and state where you are feeling pain. The request for this episode came from one of our listeners, so if you have a special request let Shireen know! To download the free handout for this episode (or to leave a comment) go to the page for this episode: www.urduseekhiye.com/e23. And as always - thank you for listening! The music in the intro and outro is by Jiill - check them out here: https://youtu.be/d7zG3ib9VRc If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode, learn how to figure out whether a noun in Urdu is feminine or masculine. Listen until the end to see if Shireen passes Travis' quiz of some really difficult nouns in Urdu. We realize there are some really difficult words in this episode so be sure to download the free PDF that comes with this episode: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/

In this episode Travis and Shireen focus on grammar, specifically the relative pronouns in Urdu. Can you provide example sentences of your own from this lesson? Be sure to share below them with us on our website: www.urduseekhiye.com/jo. Make sure to download the free handout as it contains various examples mentioned in the episode. Plus you can find out how to say the numbers 52 and 64, which we clearly didn’t know how to say during the episode.

This episode does not fit into our theme of beginner episodes, but with all that's happening in the United States, we had to include this poem on the subject of the Black Lives Matter movement. This poem is by Aslam Gurdaspuri (a living poet). He can be found on Facebook if you want to learn more about him and see the complete poem. The YouTube video of the news anchor reciting the poem can be found here: https://youtu.be/SIaxGgob_j0?t=156 (he starts around 2:36) The music in the intro & outro is by Mughal-e-Funk, the track is called Babar: https://open.spotify.com/album/11Hldw1EsZoRSgUMOjVF9z?si=vx2-3CvFT5-00wi-PF5XMg A special thank you to Naeema for her translation of this poem and for sharing her insightful interpretations which we hope will spark further interest in Urdu. We would love to hear your thoughts on this. Please feel free to go to the website www.urduseekhiye.com/e20 or find us on any of our social media pages. Of course you can also email Shireen directly at Shireen@UrduSeekhiye.com.

In this episode Shireen and Travis show you how to haggle with shop keepers, a practice very common in South Asia. You'll hear key vocabulary such as too expensive, show me, how much, price, to buy, and many more. Be sure to download the handout for this episode from our website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e19. Have any questions, post them on the discussion section of the website or email Shireen directly: shireen@urduseekhiye.com. Be sure to also check out the Kingtox episode that goes more deeply into the word "vālā."

In this episode we learn how to work with object pronouns in Urdu using the extended oblique case. If you're not a fan of grammar (like myself) then you'll find this lesson very helpful as we use several examples to break down the grammar concept. [Update: I mentioned an Urdu Seekhiye private community. There is no private community yet.] Be sure to download the handout from episode 18's page. www.urduseekhiye.com/e18 otherwise you might find yourself a bit lost. Also be sure to show us some love by rating us on Apple Podcast and commenting in the discussion boards! Thank you for listening!! https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/

In this episode we partner with Mahwash Rehman from Bachpan ki Kahaniyan, a podcast retelling children's stories in Urdu. It's a great resource for those who already have some exposure to Urdu, but want to improve their vocabulary (like Shireen). Want to learn more about the women's cricket team in Pakistan? Check out Mahwash's book: Women in Green. If you want to hear Mahwash in her element check out her reciting poetry in Urdu. ~*~ In this episode Mahwash and Shireen talk about the time. The vocabulary in this episode includes time (waqt), quarter past (savā), morning (subh), to get up (uṭhnā), to fill (bharnā), and much more. Be sure to answer the questions from this episode (in the discussion section on our site). How would you say the following? I have to get up in half an hour. It's six forty-five PM. ...but first, I have to eat breakfast. (download the free handout to learn how to say breakfast) I eat lunch from 1 PM to 2:30 PM. Be sure to visit the website to download the handout for E18. https://urduseekhiye.com/e18 To watch the video on how to tell time in Urdu click HERE. Also, remember to fill out the SURVEY. The next 50 people will get a free invitation to our Urdu Seekhiye online community. bahot šukria sun-ne kā (Thank you very much for listening!)

We are living in different times right now. This episode will better prepare you to ask others how they are doing health-wise and whether they are washing their hands and doing their part by staying home. Vocabulary from this episode includes, health, social distancing, with care, with caution, flu, cough, and fever among many others. Be sure to let us know your thoughts in the discussion section of the episode page: https://urduseekhiye.com/e17/ Also visit the page to download the extremely helpful PDF guide. Did we mention it's FREE? If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode I'm joined by a loyal listener, Alessia. Listen to this episode to learn more about why she's learning Urdu. Did I mention she's Italian!? She's a great example of how no language is too difficult to learn if you put the time into it - she speaks at least three other languages. In this episode we show you how to ask someone why he/she is so late, and how to apologize when you are late. Remember to visit the website to let us know how you like the episode. www.urduseekhiye.com/e16

Nayā sāl mubārak ho! In this episode learn how to wish someone a happy new year. In this episode Sara joins me again, and since she's just returned from Pakistan she shares a bit about her trip. Do you want to know more about her trip? Feel free to ask your questions in the discussion section of the site: www.urduseekhiye.com/e15. Happy New Year! Please help us spread the word about this podcast, so others can benefit too! Shukriya! If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing! Download the PDFs here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/

Join Naeema and me as we discuss how to ask someone what he/she does for a living. Also learn how to ask someone how long they have been doing a certain activity. Vocabulary words in this episode include verbs like to write, to sing, and to work. We’d love it if you started a conversation about this topic below. Let us know if you have any questions! Thank you for listening!! As always, we highly encourage participation so be sure to visit our website to download the handout for E14 (www.urduseekhiye.com/e14) and to provide responses to the questions in this episode. Also, be sure to watch the YouTube video on the pronunciation of the Urdu alphabet: https://urduseekhiye.com/urdu-alphabet-pronunciation/ If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode Leah, a polyglot, joins us from Germany. Leah, one of our listeners, was kind enough to share her story (listen to the end of E11 to hear it) with the Urdu Seekhiye community. Today, Leah and I share useful phrases that will come in handy when talking over long distances (over Skype or Whatsapp). In this episode you’ll learn how to say the following in Urdu: 1. How is everyone doing? 2. I can’t see you. | You are not visible 3. Can you say that again, you got cut off? | You got disconnected. 4. Your voice is choppy. | You are getting cut off. 5. I don’t want to offend you, but …  |  I understand what you are saying, but ... 6. We will have to agree to disagree. I tried to hide it, but I was truly blown away at how well Leah has mastered the Urdu language, and by her reasons for learning it. If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode, Sara and I talk about how you can ask where something is. You will also learn a little bit about the DC train system (only a little). The vocabulary words from this episode include near, far, stop sign, left, right, tonight, don't know, and much more. Be sure to follow Sara, my guest for this episode. She is a talented artist, and her work can be found on instagram (@whimsicalarts93) and Facebook (@beyondgalaxiesart). Answer the three questions on the website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e12. We LOVE hearing from you! If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Are you absolutely new to learning Urdu? You're in the right place! This introductory episode will tell you exactly what to expect from the Urdu Seekhiye podcast and YouTube channel. Come join Shireen on her journey to learning Urdu. Be sure to check out the website (www.urduseekhiye.com) where you can get all kinds of free resources for each episode!! Also, please share this podcast with anyone whom you think could benefit from it. And lastly, be sure to say hello! We LOVE hearing why our listeners are learning Urdu. You can say hello in three ways: through the discussion section on our website, our social media pages (https://www.instagram.com/urduseekhiye/), or email (shireen@urduseekhiye.com). Thank you for listening!!

Humaira is back for E11! In this episode, learn about how to discuss the weather and ask others whether they like the heat (or the summer). We talk about how the rain in perceived here (in the West) vs. there (in South Asia). Some of the vocabulary in this episode include summer, rain, weather, picture and biryani.  We also meet Leah, one of our listeners. She shares with US why she’s learning Urdu. If you want to share your reason for learning Urdu, please visit our website and use the voice recording tool to send us a message. Let us know if you have any questions about that. Be sure to translate the three questions repeated towards the end of the episode. Write your responses in the comments section: www.urduseekhiye.com/e11 If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

STEP 1: Watch the Kingtox Commercial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYjF-BUuz7E. STEP 2: Enjoy listening to Episode 10 :) STEP 3: Download the handout for this episode on our website - www.urduseekhiye.com/e10 In this episode, Shireen translates the funny (and viral) Kingtox Commercial. Some of the vocabulary words in this episode are: right hand side, spoon, tea, and understand. We also cover how to make future tense statements in Urdu. As always, let us know how you liked this episode by either starting a discussion below or by following us on social media. Shukria!! If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

STEP 1: Watch the Kingtox Commercial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYjF-BUuz7E. STEP 2: Enjoy listening to Episode 10 :) STEP 3: Download the handout for this on our website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e10 In this episode, Shireen translates the funny (and viral) Kingtox Commercial. Some of the vocabulary words in this episode are: right hand side, spoon, tea, and understand. We also cover how to make future tense statements in Urdu.   As always, let us know how you liked this episode by either starting a discussion on our website or by following us on social media. Shukria!! www.urduseekhiye.com YouTube & Instagram: @UrduSeekhiye If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode Anjum and I show you how to ask someone how they get to work, and how to tell someone that you're unemployed. Be sure to download the PDF for this episode from the website: www.urduseekhiye.com/e09 These are the questions for this episode: How would you say the following in Urdu? 1. How do you make biryani? 2. I operate a business. 3. That is an easy task. 4. This is very fragile. (fragile = nāzuk) 5. I go by bus, car, train, metro, etc. Remember to post your answers either on the episode page. https://urduseekhiye.com/e09 If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode Humaira and I show you how to have a conversation about food and cooking. Learn to ask what other interests a person holds, tell them wehther you know or don't know how to do something. This episode has pretty interesting vocabulary words: type, meat, to like, besides, to make, and to try. Thank you for listening and for sharing how much you're enjoying the podcast via emails!! We love hearing from you! Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page: www.urduseekhiye.com/e08 Be sure to download the handout for this episode on our website: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/. If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving US a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode, Wajiha and I show you how to ask someone how many brothers or sisters they have. This episode is also full of new vocabulary such as small, younger, older, how old, middle, and approximately. Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page: www.urduseekhiye.com/e05 If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes HERE. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Join Aaisha and me as we discuss how to ask someone how his/her day is going. Learn to use the colloquial phrase tum sunāo. Vocabulary words in this episode include hungry, relax, time, and thank God! Let us know if you have any questions! Thank you for listening!! Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page: www.urduseekhiye.com/e07 Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen! Be sure to follow us on Social Media for regular updates: Twitter: @UrduSeekhiye Instagram: @UrduSeekhiye YouTube: https://YouTube.com/UrduSeekhiye Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UrduSeekhiye All PDFs: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode you'll learn how to ask someone "Is this yours?" We've asked a few questions at the end of the episode so be sure to check out our social media pages for the answers. Be sure to download the free transcript for this episode by going here: www.urduseekhiye.com/e06 Be sure to follow us on Social Media for regular updates: Twitter: @UrduSeekhiye Instagram: @UrduSeekhiye YouTube: https://YouTube.com/UrduSeekhiye Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UrduSeekhiye If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode you'll learn how to ask someone how many brothers and sisters he/she has. We have some fun and easy questions at the end of the episode for you to answer. We'll post the answers on our website. Be sure to also download the PDF handout for this episode from www.urduseekhiye.com/e05 If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Learn to ask someone how you say something in Urdu. Be sure to download the PDF here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ Got questions? Suggestions? Email us: UrduSeekhiye@gmail.com Thank you for listening! (šukrīā) If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Learn how to ask why someone is learning something in an informal tone with this episode. You can download the transcript by going to: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ Questions? Email us at Shireen@Urduseekhiye.com. Thank you for listening!! If you are enjoying the FREE podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Even though this episode is short, it has some great vocabulary words. Learn how to ask someone why they are learning something. This episode includes words such as beautiful, language, and country. Learn how to talk about your abilities with episode 3. There are several ways to address a person. Using āp (you) is the most formal way. We also have a tum version of this episode, be sure to listen to it and download the free PDF for the less formal version also. Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen! Download the PDFs here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ If you are enjoying the FREE podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

Learn how to ask your family and friends how they are (in an informal tone) with this episode. Download the FREE transcript by going to: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ Connect with us on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter! @UrduSeekhiye Got questions? Suggestions? Email Shireen at UrduSeekhiye@gmail.com If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing!

In this episode, learn how to ask someone how he/she is doing in Urdu. Let them know that you are happy and ask them about their plans. Vocabulary from this episode includes possessive adjectives āp kā and merā, and other words such as: xušī (happiness), kahāṅ, and mileṅge. Direct download here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ If you are enjoying the podcast, please consider leaving me a review on iTunes. It'll greatly help spread the word. Thank you so much for listening and subscribing! Be sure to make use of the feature allowing you to speed up the audio (in Google Podcast) if you think it's too slow. If something doesn't make sense or you have further questions, or you just want to get a conversation started, be sure to do so at the bottom of the page for this episode. We love hearing from you! Be sure to connect with us on social media! (we post additional questions/answers there) @UrduSeekhiye

This episode will get you prepared to introduce yourself to your Urdu speakers. Say hello, ask them their names, inquire about where they’re from, and let them know what a pleasure it was to meet them. There are several ways to address a person. Using āp (you) is the most formal way. We also have a tum version of this episode, be sure to listen to them both. Download the free PDF here: https://urduseekhiye.sellfy.store/ Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page. Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen!

This episode will get you prepared to introduce yourself to your Urdu speaking friends. Say hello, ask them their names, inquire about where they’re from, and let them know what a pleasure it was to meet them. There are several ways to address a person. Using āp (you) is the most formal way. We also have a tum version of this episode, be sure to listen to them both by visiting the link below. Be sure to let US know if you have any questions on the episode's page: www.urduseekhiye.com/e01. Thank you for learning Urdu with Shireen! https://linktr.ee/urduseekhiye